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Friday, 14 August 2015

Culture of Manipur

Culture of Manipur - Part 2

The way of life of Manipur is as extraordinary and old as the state itself. It is an impeccable bright blend of the rich traditions, the conventional cooking styles, the music that is the fundamental embodiment of Manipuri society; the strict and lively traditions, 

The world celebrated move frames and the rich history together make the most captivating society of the Manipuris. The fun component among the populace of Manipur can be reflected in the different celebrations that they see like the Kut celebration, Rath Yatra, NIngol Chakuba celebration, 

Yaoshang celebration, and some more. The celebrations help to liven up the populace of their day by day errands and help them unwind with their music and move. Particularly, the move that is known as the Thabal Chongba, performed by both men and ladies is a run of the mill move structure found here. 

The outfits of Manipuri ladies are called as Innaphi, that is wrapped like a shawl and the Phanek is the skirt. The man wears the dhoti and white Pagri or the turban. He likewise wears a coat. They are made with distinctive materials. The other two celebrated moves are the Pena Ishei and the Lai Haroaba Ishei.

The staple sustenance of the Manipuri individuals is fish and rice alongside vegetables. Then again, diverse tribes have their own foods and are extremely unmistakable from each other. The Festivals celebrated in Manipur state is a well known and famous among all peoples.

Their rich society and the hundreds of years old convention can likewise be portrayed in their hand loom woven garments and the painstaking work that they make till date. The populace of Manipur effectively extend their way of life in the different moves and music.

Music and move are an essential piece of the tribal existence of the individuals here.

A. Manipuri Languages


Manipuri is the official dialect of the condition of Manipur. The Manipuri dialect is prevalent known as Meiteilon. It is the majorly talked and composed dialect in the state. The Meiteilon dialect is a piece of the Kuki-Chin gathering of dialects, which falls in the Burma-Tibetan dialect family.

The Manipuri dialect utilize 6 vowels and 15 consonants. The antiquated Meiteilon dialect with the impact of other neighborhood dialects has created to the current Manipuri dialect, we know today. The English and other Indo-Aryan dialects that have Sanskrit as their beginning is additionally impacted Meiteilon to a certain degree.

Manipuri is not just utilized by countless in the state additionally individuals of the Manipuri starting point in other north-eastern states and different conditions of the nation. There are additionally countless who utilize the dialect in the neighboring nation -

Myanmar. Manipur formulas incorporate some bonafide Manipuri conventional food that are basically delightful and are adored by the whole gang in Manipur. The populace of Manipur are extraordinary significant others of rice and fish.

Their staple eating routine is rice with fish. A large portion of the well known formulas in Manipur incorporate both of the two or both.

B. Manipuri Arts, Crafts & Handicrafts


The populace of Manipur are natural experts and their gifted hands are the makers of probably the most stunning painstaking work of Manipur. Manipur Handicrafts incorporate an extensive variety of items that are one of a kind to the spot.

The bonafide energy of the imaginative individuals is best showed in the painstaking work of Manipur. The crafted works of Manipur are likewise a noteworthy fascination for the travelers who visit this North Eastern Indian State.

The handicrafts of Manipur are Hand-woven and weaved materials, Mats made of water reed, Manipuri move doll, Shawls and covers, Manipuri bed blankets of Moirangfee, Stick and bamboo work and Wood cutting

The most prevalent Handicrafts of Manipur include:

i. Material Weaving - This craftsmanship is however primarily honed by the ladies of Manipur. This craftsmanship of Manipur is otherwise called Laichamphi importance cotton material. The specialty was so named in light of the fact that before the second world war the utilization of woolen yarn was obscure to the Manipuris and they wove there materials just with cotton yarns.

ii. Wood Carving - Among the numerous sorts of Handicrafts in Manipur, wood carvings are exceptionally famous. This workmanship in Manipur created out of need. Because of the absence of good correspondence framework the populace of Manipur used wood to make distinctive things of need.

iii. Piece Printing - One of the most particular and special Handicrafts in Manipur is their square prints. The hand piece printed towels or the Khamen Chatpa is an indication of honor and is frequently displayed to the town boss and warriors.

Piece printed dresses are likewise utilized as a part of the religious functions of the district.

iv. Kauna Mat or Water Reed Mat - Usually developed in the damp and wet terrains, there are two various types of Kaunas found in Manipur. These water reeds are utilized to make pads, mats which are extraordinary handiwork of Manipur.

C. Manipuri Cuisine, Foods &  Lifestyle


.Manipuri cooking styles are simple,tasty,organic and solid. Dishes are commonly zesty sustenance that utilization bean stew pepper as opposed to garam masalas consequently solid, basic and natural nourishment. The majority of the cooking styles doesn't utilize oil as its fixings.

The staple eating regimen of Manipur comprises of rice, fish, huge mixed bags of verdant vegetables (of both amphibian and physical). Manipuris normally bring vegetables up in a kitchen garden and back fishes in little lakes around their home.

Since the vegetables are either developed at home or acquired from neighborhood advertise, the cooking styles are exceptionally occasional, every season having its own particular unique vegetables and arrangements.

The taste is altogether different from terrain Indian cooking styles on account of the utilization of different fragrant herbs and roots that are particular to the locale and rundown of these sweet-smelling herbs and roots are recorded underneath

Rundown of Aromatic Herbs and Roots utilizes by the Manipuris are Nungshi hidak (Mint), Maroi napaakpi (Hooker chives), Maroi naakuppi (Chinese chives). Awaa phadigom (Mexican coriander), Mayang-ton (Lemon Basil), Toning-khok (Chameleon plant),

khanghuman, Mukthrubi, Phakpai (Vietnamese coriander), Chantruk (pepper cress), Yaipan, Kang-hu mapaan, Takhel-manao, Lomakha-mapan and Leipung-khankha are someof the healthy and tasty aroma herbs used by Manipur. Their taste will be Mouth Watering and spicy.

Further, numerous huge assortments of the vegetables that are utilized as a part of every day suppers are discovered just in and around the district and not seen somewhere else. Some of these are as per the following spicees like Yendem (a sort of Indian taro),

Hangam Pere ( mustard leaf),, Hangam angouba ( Lettuce ), Chawai, Hawai manaa, Koukhaa (Arrowhead or Katniss) Kakthrum Loklei kengoi Punlei Kolamni (Water spinach) Peruk (Centella) Yelaang (Jointweed) Kengoi Phunin Yensil (Creeping woodsorrel)  are used.

Thaanjing (Foxnut) Yongchaak (Parkia javanica/Stink bean or Bitter bean) Yaipan (East Indian Arrowroot) khang-mana Komprek (Japanese parsley) Hei-ba mana yendung chengkhruk tengnou-manbi(Winged bean) ookhajingNeighborhood BearMakin 1000 ikaithabi,and so forth.

Different sort of mushrooms likewise shape a vital piece of the cooking styles. These include:
Mushroom veggies like Uyen (like shittake mushroom), Uchi-na (Black disgusting mushroom or Jelly ear), Chengum, charu-yen (Mushroom) and Kanglayen (Split gill mushroom), and so on.

There are additionally fixings in the cooking that oblige a gained taste, for example, Hawaijaar (aged soya bean, to some degree like the Japanese Natto), Soibum (matured bamboo shoot) and Ngaa-ri (aged fish). These fishes are available in Markets fresh and affordable.

Eromba - Vegetables bubbled or steamed with a ton of red chillies or umorok (lord stew) with ngari (aged fish), smoked or broiled fish and pounded together. "U-morok" – actually 'tree bean stew' u = tree; morok = stew.

It is embellished with herbs like maroi ( maroi nakuppi, phakpai, mayang-ton, conditioning khok, kaanghumaan, lomba, tilhou, chaantruk, coriander leaves and some more).

i. Singju: Singju is a serving of mixed greens which may be arranged with finely slashed banana stem, laphu tharo (banana blossom), cabbage, lotus stem, komprek (a sort of scented herb), kollamni (another herb), tree beans, coriander leaves, sinju skillet,

The ginger, heibi mana and loads of regular vegetables blended with ngari. Bubbled kidney beans are discretionary and the dish is prepared with red stew pieces, salt to taste, with broiled sesame powder and cooked chick pea powder are others mixed in this dish.

ii. Chamthong or Kangshoi:  Chamthong or Kangshoi is a stew of any occasional vegetables with coarsely cleaved onions or spring onion, maroi - both yennam nakuppi and napakpi, ginger, ngari and salt, finished with ngari, dried fish, or browned fish pieces and water.

It is soupy in consistency and is eaten with rice.

iii. Morok Metpa:  Morok metpa is a coarse glue arranged with green or dry red chilies blended with slashed onions, coriander leaves and other nearby herbs for decorating. The chillies are steamed or cooked with ngari or essentially squashed and after that crushed with salt and ngari; broiled fish pieces can likewise be added to it.

This is something which goes with both the suppers as a normal side dish.

Different dishes incorporate kang-ngou or kaang-hou (different vegetables mix browned with conventional flavors), nganam (arranged with fish and maroi on a skillet) or paaknam (kind of a hotcake arranged with a blend of pea flour,

The maroi napaakpi, laphu tharo, awa phadigom, and ngari wrapped in turmeric and banana leaves and heated in a container or steam it first and afterward broiled it for at some point), nga-thongba (fish curry), ooti (a normal Manipuri veggie lover dish) are other dishes.

The pakoura thongba, chagem pomba (made with matured soya, mustard leaves, simmered or smoked fish and different herbs), keli chana, alu kangmet (bubbled potato squashed with fricasseed red stew and nakuppi with salt and/or dressed with mustard oil) are another dishes.

The sana thongba which is readied with paneer in Manipuri style, a-nganba (steamed vegetables, for example, pumpkin, peas, carrots, French beans, and so on. are mixed for spicy and natural taste

D. Manipuri Travel & Tourism


Manipur is a state in northeastern India, with the city of Imphal as its capital. Manipur, is once in a while alluded to, by option names, for example, Kangleipak and Sanaleipak.It is limited by Nagaland toward the north, Mizoram toward the south, and Assam toward the west;

The Burma misleads its east. The state covers a region of 22,327 square kilometers (8,621 sq mi). Its kin incorporate the Nagas, Meeteis, Kuki, Zomi and Pangal, who talk diverse sorts of Sino-Tibetan dialects. 

Manipur has been at the intersection of Asian monetary and social trade for over 2,500 years. It has since quite a while ago joined the Indian subcontinent to Southeast Asia, empowering relocation of individuals, societies and religions. It has likewise seen numerous wars, including battling amid World War II. 

Greenery goes with a moderate atmosphere. The regular Shirui Lily plant at Ukhrul (region), Dzukou valley at Senapati, Sangai (Brow antlered deer) and the coasting islands at Loktak Lake are among the rarities of the range.

Polo, which can be known as a regal amusement, likewise began in Manipur. The city is possessed by the Meitei, which prevails; additionally Pangals (Manipuri Muslims) and different tribes. The city contains (Tulihal Airport).  This Airport connects to major states of India in Manipur.

The locale is separated into East and West. The Khuman Lampak Sports Complex was manufactured for the 1997 National Games. The stadium is utilized for a games venue. It likewise contains a cyclists' velodrome.

The greater part of the transported in products are sold here at its Paona Bazaar, Gam-bir Sing Shopping Complex, Ningthibi Collections and Leima Plaza. Shree Govindajee Temple, Andro town, and the Manipur State Museum are in the city. 

About 48 km (30 mi) from Imphal, lies the biggest crisp water lake in the North East India, the Loktak Lake, a small inland ocean. There is a Tourist Bungalow on Sendra Island. Life on the Lake incorporates little islands that are coasting weed on which experience the Lake individuals,

The blue waters of the Lake, and brilliant water plants. There is a Sendra Tourist Home with a connected cafeteria amidst the lake. Gliding islands are made out of the tangle of watery weeds and different plants. The wetland is swampy and is good for various species.

It is in the region of Bishnupur. Derivation of Loktak is "Lok = stream and tak= the end" (End of the Streams). Sendra stop and resort is opening on the highest point of Sendra slopes and pulling in the traveler. This is a beautiful Tourist place to visit in Manipur.

Kaina is a hillock around 921 meters (3,022 ft) above ocean level. It is a holy place for Manipuri Hindus. The legend is that, Shri Govindajee showed up in the fantasy of his fan, Shri Jai Singh Maharaja, and requested that the pious lord introduce in a sanctuary, a picture of Shri Govindajee.

It was to be cut out of a jack natural product tree, which was then developing at Kaina. It is 29 km (18 mi) from Imphal. This is a holy place of Manipur. Mant peoples or tourists come here to get blessed by Govindjee, a Hindu God in the form of Shiva. 

The Dzükou Valley is situated in Senapati locale circumscribing with Kohima. There are occasional blossoms and various verdure. Dzükou gets its importance from the Angami/Mao word which means "Frosty Water" alluding to the cool stream that moves through the valley.

It is arranged at an elevation of 2,438 meters (7,999 ft) above ocean level, behind the Japfü Peak situated in Nagaland. The uncommon Dzükou lily is discovered just in this valley. This valley is a major tourist spot of Manipur. Vist this place to get addicted to Nature.

Keibul Lamjao National Park, 48 km (30 mi) far from Imphal is a residence the uncommon and imperiled types of Brow Antlered deer. This biological community is home to 17 uncommon types of mammals.[citation needed]. It is the main drifting national park of the world. 

Six kilometers (3.7 mi) toward the west of Imphal, at the foot of the pine developing hillocks at Iroisemba on the Imphal-Kangchup Road are the Zoological Gardens. Some forehead antlered deer (Sangai)are housed there. 

Sadu Chiru waterfall is close Ichum Keirap village 27 km (17 mi) from Imphal, in the Sadar slope region, Senapati region. This comprises of three falls with the first fall around 30 meters (98 ft) high. Agape Park is situated in the region. It is possessed and oversaw by Kamlun Telien of Ichum Keirap 

Thalon Cave (around 910 meters (2,990 ft) above ocean level) is one of the recorded destinations of Manipur under Tamenglong locale. It is around 185 kilometers (115 mi) from the state capital and around 30 kilometers (19 mi) from Tamenglong region base camp in north side.

From Thalon town, this hollow is 4–5 kilometers (2.5–3.1 mi). Khangkhui Cave is a characteristic limestone collapse Ukhrul area. The huge corridor in the hollow is the darbar lobby of the Devil King living profound inside while the northern lobby is the illustrious room, as per neighborhood old stories.

Amid World War II, the villagers looked for haven in this cavern. This cavern is at an hour's trek from Khangkui Village

E. Manipuri Sports


The custom of games goes back to the antiquated history of Manipur - a background marked by little kingdoms which were in sharp rivalry with each other. Wars among themselves and with Ava (Myanmar) brought about a military custom which thus gave due force to the advancement of indigenous recreations.

The Manipuri Sports Culture are Thang Ta & Sarit Sarak (Manipuri Martial Arts), Khong Kangjei (Manipuri Hockey), Yubi Lakpi (Manipuri Style Rugby), Hiyang Tannaba (Boat Race), Mukna (Manipuri Wrestling), Sagol Kangjei (POLO) and Kang 

The traditional sports of Manipur are as explained below

i. Thang Ta & Sarit Sarak (Manipuri Martial Arts)

These are the Manipuri Martial Arts, the conventions of which had been ignored as the centuries progressed. It is an exceptionally lively and capable workmanship and is an approach to sharpen one's battle craft amid the peace time in the past days when each Manipuri was a warrior why should obliged serve his nation at the season of war.

Long and exact practices is obliged and just the bold and athletic could exceed expectations. The craftsmanship as seen today watch extensive ceremonies and principles which are entirely seen by the members.

Also, the above, there are different diversions like Lamjel(foot race), Mangjong (Broad hop) and so on.

ii. Khong Kangjei (Manipuri Hockey)

Like polo, Khong Kangjei, is likewise an extremely prominent diversion for the Manipuris. The amusement is played with seven players on either side and every player is outfitted with a bamboo stick around 4ft. long made as present day hockey stick.

The amusement is begun with a toss of the ball made of bamboo root in the field of 200 x 80 yards in region. A player may convey the ball in any way to the objective, he may even kick it however he needs to score the objective just by hitting the ball with his stick.

There is no objective post and an objective is scored when the ball crosses the objective line completely. A player frequently experiences with an adversary in his endeavor at conveying or hitting the ball towards the objective.

The experience may form into a trial of quality which is indigenous known as Mukna. the amusement obliges much physical stamina, pace and readiness. In the long time past days players exceeding expectations in the amusement got regal supports and prizes.

iii. Yubi Lakpi (Manipuri Style Rugby)

"Yubi" is the Manipuri for coconut and "Lakpi" for grabbing. Played on the delightful green turf of the castle ground, or at the Bijoy Govinda Temple Ground. Every side has 7 players in a field that speaks the truth 45 x 18 meters in territory.

One end of the field has a rectangular box 4.5 x 3 mtrs. One side of which structures the focal bit of the objective line. To score an objective a player needs to approach the objective from the front with his oiled coconut and pass the objective line.

The coconut fills the need of a ball and is offered to the ruler or the judges who sit just past the objective line. In any case, in old times the groups were not just as coordinated but rather the players, with the coconut needed to handle all whatever is left of the players.

iv. Hiyang Tanaba (Boat Race)

It is by and large held in the month of November at Thangapat. The pontoons called Hiyang Hiren is respected to be contributed with otherworldly powers and the amusement is connected with religious customs.

The Meiteis trust that love of the Hiyang Hiren will invalidate malevolence signs. The rowers wear customary dresses and head gears. The amusement is additionally led amid the seasons of common cataclysm.

v. Mukna (Manipuri Wrestling)

The amusement is the Manipuri style of wrestling played between two male opponents for trial of quality by sheer physical quality and ability. Competitors of the same or pretty nearly the same physical constructed weight and, age are made adversaries.

The amusement is a flat out must for the end functions of the Lai Haraoba celebration. Mukna is a profoundly well known and prestigious amusement. In the long time past days the amusement delighted in illustrious support.

vi. Sagol Kangjei (POLO)

The Manipuri Sagol Kangjei has been received by the International Community as Polo and is presently being played around the world. The "PUYAS" follow it to the fanciful age when the amusement was played by divine beings.

The diversion is played with 7 players on every side mounted on horses which are frequently not more than 4/5 feet in stature. Every player is equipped with a polo stick made of stick having a slender calculated wooden head altered at the striking end.

The ball, 14 inches in boundary is made of bamboo root. The mounted players hit the ball into the objective. To a great degree lively and invigorating the diversion is presently played in two styles - the PANA or unique Manipuri style and the International style i.e. Polo.

It is invigorating to see the Manipuri players in their sixties and even seventies riding horses at full run and playing Sagol Kangjei with energy. The horses are additionally finished completely with different gatekeepers ensuring the eyes, brow, flanks and so on.

The British took in the session of Sagol Kangjei in the nineteenth Century from Manipur after refinement it was transplanted to the nations as Polo.

vii. Kang

Played on the mud floor of a major out-house, altered targets hit with "Kang" which is a level and elliptical instrument made of either ivory or lac. Regularly every group has 7 male accomplices. the amusement is additionally played as a blended duplicates challenge.

Played entirely amid the period between "Cheiraoba" (Manipuri New Year's day) and the Rath Yatra celebration. Manipuri religiously stick to now is the ideal time outline as prevalent thinking holds that if the amusement is played past its given point of confinement, wickedness spirits attack the psyche of players and observers.

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